Cryptocurrency Explained: Can Words in a BIP39 Mnemonic Repeat? [Bitcoin, Ethereum, Security]

Can words repeat in a mnemonic phrase? Yes they 
can. So about about about about about about about   about about about about about about about 
about about about 23 times plus one more word   that matches the checksum is a valid mnemonic 
phrase. In fact, that's one of the test phrases   that is used to make sure that your algorithm is 
correct. I don't remember what the last word is.   The last word in a 24 word mnemonic phrase or 
part of the last word contains the checksum.   So you could essentially freely pick the 
first 23 but the phrase would only be valid   if you picked the 24th one correctly so that 
it matched the checksum, and that's to prevent   transcription errors.

There's another really 
interesting feature of mnemonic phrases, which is   the dictionary of 2048 words has been chosen 
in such a way that you only need the first   four letters. In the English dictionary of 
mnemonic phrases you only need the first   four letters of the word to uniquely identify it; 
meaning that if you have the first four letters   only one word in the dictionary starts with those 
four letters and you can't confuse it with another   word.

Also in the dictionary, the words are also 
quite distinct and fairly commonly used words,   so that there's no opportunity for confusion about 
what the word is when you're reading it, so it   makes it a lot easier to transcribe. Because you 
only need the first four letters, you can actually   record a mnemonic phrase of 24 words with only 
96 characters which is very useful when you're   recording it for example on a steel backup device. 
By simply recording those 96 characters you have   the full 24 word mnemonic phrase, four characters 
each etc etc. Thanks for watching. If you'd like   to support me, please consider subscribing to 
my channel and supporting me on patreon.com..

As found on YouTube

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